India's stray dogs: A pack of trouble? by National Institute of Design

This data narrative explores the complex and often conflicting realities surrounding stray dogs in India. It begins by visualizing the stark reality of human-animal conflict, showcasing the number of deaths caused by animal attacks in India from 2018-2020. The narrative then delves into the characteristics of the Indian Pariah dog, the most common stray breed, highlighting its role in the broader context of stray dog issues. Key statistics paint a concerning picture: India accounts for a staggering 36% of global rabies deaths, with rising stray dog populations reported across numerous states. The sheer volume of dog bites, averaging 5,500 cases daily in 2022, underscores the urgency of the situation. The low vaccination rate (<20%) and the significant number of road accidents caused by stray dogs further illustrate the challenges.
However, the narrative takes a turn, presenting data that suggests a bit different picture. Graphs reveal a decrease in total stray dog bites, overall stray dog population, and reported rabies deaths over the past several years. A notable reduction in dog bites during the COVID-19 pandemic is also highlighted. Despite these positive trends, a qualitative survey reveals a disconnect between official statistics and lived experience, with 82% of respondents reporting that dog attacks (both stray and pet) remain common. This discrepancy raises questions about reporting accuracy and the potential underestimation of the problem.
The narrative then shifts focus to the issue of animal cruelty, presenting data on reported cases, the low rate of police complaints, and the even lower rate of FIRs filed. The data reveals a stark reality: while brutal cases of animal murder often grab headlines, the vast majority of animal assault cases go unreported and unaddressed.
Finally, the narrative explores the root causes of the stray dog problem, including abundant food sources from unmanaged garbage, the large slum population that keeps free-roaming dogs, India's massive human population, and haphazard urban planning. It presents data on the estimated number of homeless dogs and pets in the country. The major problems caused by stray dogs, including rabies transmission, dog bites, and nuisance barking, are examined. The narrative concludes by exploring potential solutions, emphasizing sterilization and vaccination programs, education about dog behavior, responsible feeding practices, and the adoption of Indian Pariah dogs.